Apparatus for producing self-hooping effects in metal tubes



June 2, 1925. 1,540,654

E. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SELF HOOPING EFFECTS IN METAL 'fUBES Filed Jxine 29, 1923 5 Sheets-$heet 1 June 2,, 1925.

' 1,540,654 E. SCHNEIDER v APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SELF HOOPING EFFECTS IN METAL TUBES Filed June 29, 1923 5 sheets sheet 2 rm i June 2, 1925- E. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SELF HOOPING EFFECTS IN METAL TUBES Filed June 29, 1923 5 Sheets-{Sheet 5 June 2, 1925.

- E. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SELF ROOFING EFFECTS IN METAL TUBES 5 sheetssheet 4.

Filed June 29. 1923 June 2, 1925. 1,540,654

E. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SELF HOOPING EFFECTS IN METAL TUBES Filed June 29, 1923 5 SheetS Sheet 5 Patented June 2, 1925.

UNITEDY'FSTATES, PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE SCHNEIDER, or minis, amines, ass enon '10 sc iiErnEn a s n}, or JPABIS, EEANG nj IMITEE JOINT-STOCK ooiviriiiw F FRANCE.

APPARATUS Eon riaon iciiie' SELF-HOOIHNG EEEEcTs INMETAI. T BEs.

Application filed Juiie 29, 1928. Serial No. 648,559.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE .SoHNEInER, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Self-Hooping Effects in Metal Tubes,

which is fully set forth in the following specification. l

The present invention has for its subject an apparatus for producing hooping eiiects in metal tubes of great resistance by hydraulic pressure exerted upon the inner wall of the tube, said tube being closed by two outside plates which are connected together l5 either by means of an axial tie-rod or by exterior tie-rods. Y

The new apparatus is characterized by a special method for effecting the closing of the tubes. This method secures a perfectly liquid-tight joint between the tube to be hooked and the supporting plates during the Wl10l6' operation, and does not involve the use of joints between the inner wall of the tube and obturators which penetrate into "the tube, the suppression of the said oht-urators and of the corresponding joints permitting the hoop ing operation to take place,

over the total length of the tube.

Different forms of construction of the invention are shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows apparatus suitable for hoopiiig 'metallictubes in the vertical position. I p Figures 2-2 together show apparatus suitable for hooping metallic tubes in the horizontal position. j Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of one end of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, with the parts in the position they assume towards the ends of the hooping operation.

Figures 4;4;A together show a modification ply tendii'ig to lengthen the tie-rods C.

of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 1 shows i iloiigitudinal' sectional r elevation the two extremities of the tube D which is to be hooped, Said tube Dis arranged in position vertically between two sleeve G, the other between this sleeve and the edged of the tube. The. diameters (a and of these two annular joints are such that the area of the exterior edge of the sleeve which is subjected to the pressure of the liquid is substantially greater than the area of the interior edge of said sleeve which is subjected to the pressure of the liquid.

For the opposite "plate B it is suflicient to eliectthe joint by a ring I) interposed between the said plateand the corresponding edge, (6Z1) of the tube D; 1

When it is desired to effect thehooping operation, the liquid under pressure is: admitted, in known manner, through the plate A for example, so that it fills the inside of the tube D and the interior of the sleeve G. During the admission of the liquid under pressure, the air may be allowed to escape through a passage 0 which is provided in the plate A and is adapted to be closed at the 7 end of the filling operation by means of a stopper a 7 a a It is easy to see that, during the whole of the "hooping operation, the liquid under pressure penetrates on the one hand between the edge 9 of the sleeve G and the bottom of the plateA, the leakage of the liquid to the outside being prevented bythe joint F';

on the other hand, the liquid penetratesbetween the edge'g of the sleeve G'and the edge 03 of the tubeD', the leakage of the liquid being prevented by the joint E. The

the diameter 0, the totalpressure of. the liquid which is exerted between A andG is substantially greater than that which is ex- Ii the example which has just been de* scribed, it is assum'ed'that the tube D is sub jected to the hooping operation when in the vertical position. plates Aand B which are interconnected by When it desired to hoop tubes in the horizontal position, then in combination with the differential joint arrangement effected by the use of an intermediate sleeve G, there is alsopreferably used'an apparatus for centering' such as that represented in longitudinal axial section in Figs. 22.

' diameter f being substantially greater than parts of 'd'iiierentdiameters.

In this example, G denotes an intermediate .sleevesimilar to that usedinthepreceding example ,"F denotes the annular joint, of diameter 7', between this sleeve and the bearing plate A, andE denotes the 'an-nular 'joint, of diameter 6, between theinterior edge of the sleeve G and the edge at of the tube 1);]; denotes the annular jointedirectly interposed between the plate B and the corresponding edgemzl of the tube D.

According to the invention, the tube D -is .centered atv its-itwo extremities by' two conical 'obturators H and I, of'whiclr the "one H ismovable within the intermediate sleeve G, while the other I, is=m0vable within :a'

recess provided inthe'bearing plate B.

Toward-s the exterior-and behind the con1- 'cal head which penetrates into the correspondingmouth'otthe tube D each of these I obturators comprises I two cylindrical It 'isvin this *avay'thati therobtunator H comprises a cylindrical part of diameter it near' its "conical Ehead, and beyond,itowards:the exterior, a

- cylindrical 'part ott greater diameter72, In

the samevway, beyond its "conical head; the obtunator 1: comprises twocylindrical parts otaehameters iand 2' respectively. Further,

'the sleeve G, and the-recess provided in: the

plate Beachcomprise two cylindrical parts -.of correspondingdiameters,'so that between i Aeand. G th re. may; be. arranged the two an Lil ' nularijoints J'and-J :ot:diameters h and 71 respectively, while between thevobtu-rator "I and thewallot the: recess there; may be an rangedtherannular joints K andK ot' diamcters stlflld 1'." respectively.

-Eacl1;o:t these obturators I andH constitutes afitrue ditl'erential piston. It is es- 4 sent-lair that the. liquid'zadmitted through the truncated obturators- H, l should pass betwee-n tl esezobtur'ators and the inilieivface of p the outer 'platesxl and B; 'pract-ieally, this P is taken 'ca'r-e :ot-by a very slight-zplayrbe1 videc y tors;' and:ialso. 11131116 sleeve G radral \II', I, G

tween. these parts. 1 However, thereiareiprol arious i points in the-said obtnra groove-s which serve to distribnte-the liq.uidbetween the faces of: the-sleeve end obtu-rajtor and the ,inner faces of 1 the plates =A; and !B. :lt'is understooldithatinnder. the

influence,- o't the liquid pressure which is {exerted OlLtllGOXtGIFlOI' edge of the obtur-ator H over -=a-ci1'culai':-sectio11 of diameter 72,

3 greater than the diameterJz, there .will be a I constanttendency. to drive. the said obt-urator towardstheanterior, and-to hold'it n contact with the tube'D alongthe circumference of aicircle. In.the sameway the; obtnrator -:-I constitutesla differential 'piston which will be constantly driven towards ithe1in-- teri'or :and maintained in contact with the ,correspondingmouth of the tube D. NS hen, under the efiectofthe pressure, therinterior diameter ofrthe; tube; D increasesgthe obturators will be progressively displaced towards the interior, the obturator 1H ';.'for example iinallycoming to oc'c-upya-position such as thattliagrammatically indicated in Figure Figures 4-4 show longitudinal sectional elevation, .a. modification in which the assembly between the two bearing plates A rod L, constituting a hooping mandrel. in

- this-examp-le itis assumed that an intermediate sleeve G is used both in the case of the plate Aanda'lso inthe case of the plate B. lirthis modification the' obturator-s H :and Iiiare axiallyfhollowed out inorder to :permitathe iLXltLl tie-rod- L to' pass through "them. As in the"precedingexample,: at' all times during:thezoperation the centering is automatically ensured 'while the liquid is given entirely free access to.tlae insidea surif-ace of the tube over the whole'eXtentf of the tube to. be 1 hooped. :IniFigs. 'l444,1t:he sectional viewofathewupp'er part is made in the .zpla ne of one of the liquid *distributing grooves G; at the lowen part of these'figures the sectional Qp'lane rpasses between r such 1' grooves 1 Having now particularly described-and :.asce-rtained"thernature: of our said invention and-in what-manner the same] is toibe'rperformed,- we declare. that what weclaimris 1. 'I In .--an apparatus for subjecting, metal tubesto. hydraulic pressure, the combination oftwogpla-tes at-iop posite ends of' the tube, tier-rod --connect=ions betweeni saidplates, a sleeve --intermed-iate one of said plates "and one -end :of the tubewand: annular --liquid-sea'l-' in 3' oints, respectively --bet\veen said-sleeve rttllClrljlat-ei and between said sleeveanid tube, the diameter of oncyofthese-jointsbeing substantiallyigrea ter: thanthat-of. the "other,

wvleerel y the two faces of the sleeve are sulnected to diflercntial 1 pressure. I

.QAIn; an .iappanatns tor -sub ectin;r metal itubes. to hydraulic; pressure,- the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, itie-rod connect-ions abetweenf-saidqalates, 1a

- sleeve [intermediate one, of said plates :-.and

one end of the tube, annular liquidsealingr ]O111tS-.TQSpGClJUTGly between SLI'ICl sleeve and "plate and between said sleeve and-tube, the

diameterof OllChOl these joints dieing subbetween the sleeve and plate being substantially greater than the diameter of the joint between the sleeve andtube.

41-. In an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tu e, tie-rod connections between said plates, a sleeve intermediate one of said plates and one end of the tube, annular liquid-sealing joints respectively between said sleeve and plate and between said sleeve and tube, the diameter of the joint between the sleeve and plate being substantially greater than the diameter of the joint between the sleeve and tube, and an annular liquid-sealing joint between the other plate and the end of the tube.

5. I11 an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, tie-rod connections between said plates, a sleeve intermediate one' of said plates and one end o fithe tube, annular liquid-sealing joints respectively between said sleeve and plate and between said sleeve and tube, the diameter of the joint between the sleeve and plate being substantially greater than the diameter of the joint between the sleeve and tube, a centering obturator carried by the sleeve and entering one end of the tube, and a second centering obturator carried by the other plate and entering the opposite end of the tube.

(5. In an apparats for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, tie'rod connections between said plates, a sleeve between each of said plates and one end of the tube, and annular liquidsealing joints respectively between said sleeves and plates and between said sleeves and tube ends, the diameters of the joints between the plates and sleeves being substantially difl'erent from those 01' the joints between the sleeves and tube ends,

7. In an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at" opposite ends of the tube, tie-rod connections between said plates, a sleeve between each of said plates and one end of the tube, and annular liqi,ii ;lsealing joints respectively between said sleeves and plates and between said sleeves and tube ends, the diameters of the joints between the plates and sleeves being substantially greater than those of the joints between the sleeves and tube ends.

8. In an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates'at opposite ends ofthe tube, tie-rod connections between said plates, a sleeve between each of said plates and one end of the tube, centering obturators carried by the sleeves and entering opposite endsol the tube, and annular liquid-sealing joints between said sleeves and plates and between said sleeves and the ends of the tube, the diameters of the joints between the sleeves and plates being substantially different from those of the joints between the sleeves and the tube ends.

' 9. In an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, tie-rod connections between said plates, a sleeve between each of said plates and one end of the tube, centering obturators carried by the sleeves and entering opposite ends of the tube, and annular liquid-sealing joints between said sleeves and plates and between said sleeves and the ends of the tube, the diameters of the joints between the sleeves and plates being substantially greater than those of the joints between the sleeves and the tube ends.

10. In an apparatus for subjecting metal tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combina tion of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, a central tie-rod connection between said plates, a sleeve intermediate each of said plates and the adjacent tube end, two centering obturators one carried by each sleeve and entering the oppositeends of the tube," annular fluid-sealing joints between each plate and its adjacent sleeveand between each slceve and the adjacent tube end the joints between the plates and sleeves being of substantially greater diameters than those of the tube ends.

11. In an apparatus for sub ecting metal.

joints between the sleeves and tubes to hydraulic pressure, the combination of two plates at opposite ends of the tube, a

central tie-rod connection between said plates, a sleeve intermediate each of said plates and the adjacent tube end, two centering obturators one carried by each sleeve and entering the opposite ends of the tube, annular fluid-sealing joints between each plate and its adjacent sleeve and between each sleeve and the adjacent tube end, the

joints between the plates and sleeves being ot substantially greater diameters than those of the oints between the sleeves and joints between the respective obturators and sleeves the diameters of said oints adjacent the outer faces of the sleeves being greater than those adjacent the inner faces thereof.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

tube ends, andvtwo annular liquid-sealing 

